Types of schools in the Netherlands – the ABC’s
The education system in the Netherlands is quite different from what many are used to: children here start school at the tender age of 4 and arranging homeschooling for your kid is a challenge with extra hurdles due to a very strict legislation. But here’s a silver lining – in the Netherlands, the variety of schools to choose from are so wide that it can suit almost any preference.
Schools in the Netherlands can be divided into three main categories: public schools (openbare scholen), specialized schools (bijzondere scholen), and international schools. In addition, there are also “alternative” schools that follow experimental educational approaches as well as special needs schools. We’ll talk about them later — but first, let’s take a look at the main types of schools.
Public Schools (Openbare Scholen)
Public schools are not affiliated with any religion or specific educational philosophy. They are funded by the local municipality, which makes them accessible to all children. These schools welcome everyone regardless of their religion or nationality, helping to foster a multicultural environment.
The main advantage of public schools is their “neutrality”. It’s a perfect match for families who prefer their child’s education to be free from any kind of religious or ideological influence.
Specialized Schools (Bijzondere Scholen)
Specialized schools also vary in their approach and structure. They may be religious — for example, Catholic or Protestant — or follow a particular educational philosophy.
Some of the most common types include:
- Montessori: Based on the principles of Maria Montessori, these schools emphasize independence, freedom of choice, and respect for a child’s natural development. Children learn through play and hands-on activities in a carefully prepared environment that encourages their innate curiosity and autonomy.
- Dalton: Similar to Montessori in some respects, Dalton schools focus on independence, responsibility, and individual learning pace. Students plan their own work and solve tasks independently, with teachers acting as mentors who support them along the way.
- Waldorf (Vrijescholen): Based on the philosophy of Rudolf Steiner, Waldorf schools focus on the holistic development of the child — physical, emotional, and intellectual. Education here is creative and play-based, with an emphasis on the arts, manual work, and imagination. Lessons are adapted to the child’s age and developmental stage. These schools place a strong focus on creativity, natural materials and hands-on learning.
While these schools are generally open to all, their teaching methods can differ significantly from the standard system. That’s why it’s important to make sure their philosophy aligns with your views on education.
Important note: Education in both public and specialized schools is conducted in Dutch and is completely free of charge.
International Schools
International schools are a great option for families who are in the Netherlands temporarily (e.g., on short-term work contracts), prefer education in English, or want their child to earn a diploma that is recognized by universities worldwide. Several international schools in the Netherlands offer programs in English and provides diplomas such as the IB (International Baccalaureate) or CIE (Cambridge International Education).
The main downside of international schools is the cost — some charge up to €40,000–€50,000 per year. Additionally, demand is high among expat families, so it’s important to check availability early as these schools often have long waiting lists.
How to Choose the Right School?
Every family is unique, and each situation is different. When choosing a school, it’s important to consider your child’s age, language level, educational needs, budget, and other personal factors.
If you’re unsure where to start or which school would be the best fit for your child, don’t worry — we’re here to help you navigate the system and make sure your child has a strong start in their new country.
Contact us for a substantial consultation — we’ll be happy to answer your questions and help you find the best option for your children.